Conjugation Guide for the French Verb Perdre

The Formation Of Americ The American Dream Essay - 1407 Words

The Formation of America In his book, The American Dream, Cullen describes the trends of the American Dream over the course of America’s history. These trends were a fundamental part of making America into the America we know today. These are the patterns that many people call on when promoting the fulfillment of the American Dream, so it is not surprising that they can be found in many books, presentations, and speeches. Both President Reagan and President Obama used these ideas to invoke strong feelings of patriotism while reaching out to the American people. In 1974 Ronald Reagan gave a speech to welcome back American prisoners from North Vietnam. He spoke about the foundation of America and the beginning of a divinely inspired country. He began by discussing the signing of the Decleration of Independance and the consequences of those who signed it. He described how the founding fathers did not necessarily live a glorious life, rather that they gave it up to develop this country. He continued by e xplaining how we are different, how we believe that the government doesn t give a citizen his rights; rather, he is born with rights that cannot be taken away. We provide protection by the flag and pride ourselves in the government meeting its responsibilities. We have a lot to admire in America, especially in that we have overcome so many social issues over the last few years. We work hard which gives us wealth. We need to use that to fulfill our destiny in the free worldShow MoreRelated African Minkisi and American Culture Essay6248 Words   |  25 PagesAfrican Minkisi and American Culture I. Introduction nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;African Minkisi have been used for hundreds of years in West Central Africa, This area where they are traditionally from was once known as the kingdom of Kongo, when Europeans started settling and trading with the BaKongo people. Kongo was a well-known state throughout much of the world by the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. The BaKongo, however, had probably long used minkisi before ethnographers and anthropologists

Abortion Should Not Be Permitted Free Essays

Why abortion should not be permitted When we hear the word abortion, we would think negative about it. The definition of abortion is the deliberate termination of a human pregnancy, most after performed during the first 28 week. In medicine, an abortion is the premature exit of the products of conception (the fetus, fetal membranes and placenta) from the uterus. We will write a custom essay sample on Abortion Should Not Be Permitted or any similar topic only for you Order Now Many women in this entire world do abortion. There are many reasons why they prefer abortion such as having a fear of raising the child, rape, or not having enough money to support their life and the baby. Some important reasons of why abortion should not be permitted have to do with human morality, religious and values of conscience. First of all, why abortion should not be permitted is because of basic human morality. It is not the unborn babies fault and they have the right to live normally just like any other humans. Where is our humanitarian if we abort the unborn babies? Just because of our own mistakes and our selfishness we took away another one life that is so innocent and vulnerable. Furthermore, the baby doesn’t even know why and how he is here. You don’t need to kill one life in order to live, instead there are many solutions to resolve this problem but an abortion is not the answer. Secondly, why abort should not be permitted is based on religious values. In almost all religions, a women is not allows to do an abortion. My thoughts as a Muslim, we Muslim regard abortion as wrong and forbidden. But, abortion can only be permitted if continuing the pregnancy would put the mother’s life of real danger in Muslim law. Nevertheless, in what religion you are, women should not do an abortion as the baby have the right to live in this world. Finally, reason of why women should not do an abortion related to her conscience. When women do an abortion, she will never forget what happened and the thoughts of killing a one innocent life will always be with her. The future that could have happened with her baby which will always reminds her that she killed it. Her conscience reminds her of what she has done is terribly wrong. Conclusion is, there are many way rather that choosing an abortion. Killing an innocent unborn baby is like a woman with no heart and lack of human morality. The truth is women need to think the consequences before having a sexual relation. I feel sad for the unborn baby because they deserve to have a normal life just like other kids, to see their mum face and the opportunity to see the world. Women in this world love their baby and I know a mother who had to do an abortion is not really willingly to abort it, in fact they are sad and scared but in order to live their life without bringing the ashamed in their life, they have no choice but to abort it. How to cite Abortion Should Not Be Permitted, Essay examples

Vulnerabilities in Mobile Platform Security

Question: Write a Research Proposal on Mobile Platform Security? Answer: Introduction The figuring scene has changed significantly since the product planners of the 60's and 70's established the framework throughout today's advanced working frameworks. In those days, machines were likely just joined with other trusted machines, if associated with a system whatsoever. Malware was additionally not a huge issue. Out of these circumstances, large portions of the early outline choices around working framework security were made. The Internet changed a number of these suppositions, as you could no more trust each other machine and program on the system. Presently there were numerous machines and projects effectively looking to cause harm. Numerous headways in working framework security have happened over the earlier decades to address these issues. Today's portable working frameworks have profited from these progressions and have possessed the capacity to coordinate better efforts to establish safety from the beginning, instead of needing to include them in later (Flinn, 2012). Doing so sets the bar for security high from the earliest starting point, rather than regressively similarity or prior configuration choices making it hard to completely coordinate new security characteristics. One of the essential security gimmicks introduce in today's portable working frameworks is the application sandbox. Android, Blackberry, ios, and Windows Phone all contain help for this security characteristic. This post is planned to depict what a sandbox is, the way it lives up to expectations, lastly how the vicinity of the sandbox serves to expand security in an extremely associated world. With the rapid change in technology within the last two decades, the popularity of smart-phones, and other mobile devices has basically brought in a wide ranged software applications that is basically designed for running some applications, that are actually used to deliver the web services through their compact and dignified user interfaces and easy program logic which are basically tailored to the mobile platforms. Sometimes few major applications or the operating system tends to behave abnormally which actually exploits the software or the operating system to perform abnormally, not as expected. Purpose Vulnerability is one of the most important issues that basically arise in this era of mobility and technology. As stated already, vulnerability potentially causes definite threats in using different application. The weakness in the operating system or the core applications potentially exploits the software to perform as expected which actually creates a debacle within the mobile performance. The major question that arises during this major hypothesis is what actually happens or how the vulnerability of the mobile is so opened up. The basic threats that actually takes a role on the vulnerability of the mobile platforms comes basically from three major sources: application based, web based and physical threats (Jarvis, n.d.). By these major sources the application or the operating system gets exploited by which the potential user of the mobile faces major technical issues probing its personal details to be hampered via the use of the platform of mobile. This major thesis helps to propa gate the major threats of the vulnerable attacks that can actually seize to hamper the mobile platforms. Static Application Security Testing (SAST) devices can distinguish a few vulnerabilities as the code is being composed amid improvement, yet they make a lot of superfluous data furthermore frustratingly high false positives which diminishes their viability. Literature Review To explain briefly a platform, vulnerability is basically a major security weakness in the operating system or the core applications that can majorly be exploited to cause software to not perform as expected. The issue actually doesnt help the mobile software to perform well in the circumstances. This major deviation potentially from the expected behavior can basically impact the platform security controls that are mainly meant to protect the data. One of the basic example of a platform security control is actually restricting access for reading and writing the data to a particular location in the file system. Vulnerability is basically a major threat to an individual using a mobile phone (Lopez, Huang Sandhu, 2013). Vulnerability sometimes even causes the input personal information to work in an abnormal mode creating major threats to the personal information of the prolific user. This type of platform vulnerability can cause major problems in the mobile phones. The problem may sig nificantly persist either in the operating system or the core applications. In general, this type of vulnerability is very much important because of the potential power that is gained to exploit them. Operating systems are basically responsible for managing the resources and when platform vulnerability is exploited, major key security controls are also bypassed to help with the managing resources. Methodology Methodology is one of the important parts of a report that shows and depicts the entire structure of the report and the procedure in which the research is conducted. Here in this section we make a brief discussion on the procedures used to complete the research. Research design is the blue print of the report as per which the research is represented in the report. The research report is of different type. Some are descriptive in nature, some are explanatory and some are exploratory in nature. But in this case we have used the descriptive and the quantitative research method through which the entire field of the topic can be discussed and the solution to the questions can be provided for completing the research work. The descriptive research provides full knowledge on the given topic that helps the readers easier to understand. For data collection method few samples are taken into consideration out of a huge population of samples. It is not possible to take into consideration the entire population because of the limitation of the research and time constraint of the research. Hence, few out of the population is taken into consideration by random selection. For conducting this research few mobile companies were chosen and a deep study was made on the mobile apps provided by the companies. After the collection of the data a random sampling was done to complete the entire research report. Data collection is the most important part of a research. It is essential because it increases the knowledge base of the researcher to complete the research as per the requirements depicted by the topic. For data collection two different methods are used. The first method is the collection of the primary data which done by the process of direct interviews. In the second method the secondary data collection methods data is collected from other sources like books, journals and internet source. In this study the secondary data collection method is used. In most cases primary data collection method is used to avail solid evidence of the research (Markantonakis, Mayes Piper, n.d.). But in this research the data is collected from the secondary sources because the research requires huge base of knowledge. Hypothesis testing is the most important and difficult part of a research report. It is the most challenging task for a researcher. There the first method of data analysis is to determine the factors of the variables and arrange the variables in a proper format for the analysis. In this process the data is analyzed on the topic that how the mobile pattern securities are vulnerable in nature. The variables are analyzed and a report is represented on the analysis. For presenting the report graphs and other diagrams are used to make this report easier for understanding. Every research work has a certain limitation and boundary that it must follow for a smooth completion of the research report. The major limitation of a research is the time constraint of the research. The researcher must keep in mind the time required for completing each process of the research. The researcher must also see that his research work does not affect the environment and the society adversely and follows the law that is guiding it. Planning, analysis and organization It is quite obvious that every technology based gadgets comes with flaws. It is bound that the mobile platforms too sometimes are bound to have flaws and security vulnerabilities. Security vulnerabilities are majorly identified in regular basis and must be potentially fixed to prevent the major attackers from attacking from using to compromise systems. Basically in case of personal computers vendors often provide potentially important patches which actually help to secure the systems from any sort of misuse by the attackers. In case of mobile platforms the security of the platforms totally depends on the nature of the vulnerability. It needs secure planning and analysis of the vulnerability to actually make the mobile platform secure. Depending on the type of vulnerability a patch may be as simple as updating the major single application or as complex as the needed firmware update that basically involves both the device manufacturer and the carrier. In case of android and ios operating systems the vendors basically produce major patches or updates to fix security vulnerabilities. Software vendors want to fix vulnerabilities as quickly as possible, before they can be exploited and used maliciously, so well-intentioned researchers typically disclose vulnerabilities they find to the software vendor. On mobile devices, however, there is a conflict of interest. Because vulnerabilities are often the only way to root or jailbreak devices, many researchers do not want vulnerabilities to get fixed so they can maintain full control over their devices. The desire to gain full control over devices creates a disincentive for researchers to disclosure vulnerabilities (Sauveron, Bilas, Markantonakis Quisquater, 2007). This conflict of interest between vulnerability disclosure and the ability for people to fully control their own device poses a great security issue. Once a vulnerability being used to root or jailbreak devices becomes public knowledge it may also be used by malicious attackers, like Droid Dream. Until all mobile devices allow users to gain full control without resorting to exploits, this conflict of interest between control and safety is likely to continue. Other consideration Basically the research will contribute to raising the major awareness among all the experts and he academic community about the major impacts and the suitable consequences of the attacks of the smart-phones, which is actually something which has not been totally recognized. This is very much important on a critical note which can be prolifically used to cause major extensive damage and the disruption for major individuals and business alike. The major contribution can be particularly very much important as it is very much important to present major proactive critical defense strategies and alert on the mobile platform security (Vacca, 2013). The vendors of the mobile platform play a major key role in the participation of the major threats of the mobile platforms. Jail-breaking, SMS phishing and Trojans are the major proximity threats of every mobile platform which are vulnerable to the operating systems or the core applications. References Bidgoli, H. (2006).Handbook of information security. Hoboken, N.J.: John Wiley Sons. Flinn, J. (2012).Cyber foraging. [San Rafael, Calif.]: Morgan Claypool. Jarvis, M.Security Architect 75 Success Secrets. Lopez, J., Huang, X., Sandhu, R. (2013).Network and system security. Berlin: Springer. Markantonakis, K., Mayes, K., Piper, F.Secure smart embedded devices, platforms and applications. Sauveron, D., Bilas, A., Markantonakis, K., Quisquater, J. (2007).Information Security Theory and Practices. Smart Cards, Mobile and Ubiquitous Computing Systems. Berlin: Springer. Vacca, J. (2013).Computer and information security handbook. Amsterdam: Morgan Kaufmann Publishers is an imprint of Elsevier.

Bacteria Outline Essays - Bacteriology, Bacteria, Archaea

Bacteria Outline Bacteria - Oldest, structurally simplest, most abundant forms of life - Only organism with prokaryotic cellular organization - The only members of the kingdom Monera (4800 different kinds) - Characteristics change depending on growth conditions - Maintenance of life depends on them - play vital role of productivity and as decomposers - Capable of fixing atmospheric N for use by other organisms - Used in production and fermentation of various food and as antibiotics and is being tested for insect control - Prokaryotes vs. Eukaryotes - Multi-cellularity - All bacteria fundamentally single celled - Sometimes cells adhere within a matrix to form filaments - Activities of bacterial colonies less integrated and coordinated than in multicellular eukaryotes Eukaryotes Bacteria Cell Size 10x size of bacteria 1 micrometer (?m) diameter Chromosomes Membrane bound nucleus w/ chromosomes w/ nucleic acid & proteins No nucleus/chromosomes w/ DNA DNA contained in cytoplasm Cell Division and Genetic Remcombination Mitosis involving microtubules Sexual reproduction - meiosis/syngamy Binary fusion Lack of sexual reproduction - no equal participation Internal Compartementalization Respirational enzymes packed into mitochondria Corresponding enzymes bound to cell membranes Cytoplasm - no internal compartments/organelles (except ribosomes) No cytoskeleton Flagella Complex 9+2 structure of microtubules (whip-like motion) Simple w/ a single fiber protein flagellin Spins like a propellar Autotrophic Diversity Enzymes for photosyn. Packed in membrane-bound organelles (plastids) Only 1 type of photo. - release of O2 Enzymes bound to cell membrane Several patterns of aerobic/anaerobic photo. w/ formation of S, O, sulfate Chemosynthesis - process where certain bacteria obtain energy from oxidation of inorganic compounds and obtain C from CO2 - Bacterial Structure - Lypopolysaccharide - polysaccharide chain with lipids attached - Molecules of it deposited over layer of gram positive - forming outer membrane - Makes gram negative bacteria resistant to many antibiotics to which gram positive bacteria are susceptible - Capsule - gelatinous layer surrounding cell - Bacilli - straight, rod-shaped bacteria - Cocci - spherical bacteria - Spirilla - spirally coiled bacteria - Spores - single-celled bodies that grow into new bacterial individuals - Some bacteria change into stalked structures, grow long, branched filaments or form erect structures that release spores - Bacterial cells have simple structures - 2 kinds of cell walls - gram negative/positive - Cytoplasm of a bacterium contain no internal compartments/organelles & is bound by a membrane encased w/i a cell wall composed of 1/more polysaccharides - Pili - other kinds of hairlike outgrowths that occur on some bacteria cells - shorter than flagella - Help bacterial cells to attach to appropriate substrates - Endoscopes - resistant to environmental stress; may germinate & form new bacterial individuals after decades/centuries - Bacterial Variation - 2 processes lend variability to bacterial reproduction - Mutation - Because of the short generation time of bacteria whose populations often double in a few min., mutation plays important role in generating genetic diversity - Genetic Recombination - Transfer of genes from one cell to another as portions of viruses, plasmids, other DNA fragments *Intestinal bacterium: typhoid, dysentry, other diseases - Bacterial Ecology and Metabolic Diversity - Bacteria most abundant organisms in most environments - Obligate anaerobes - organisms cannot grow in presence of O2 - Facultative anaerobes - organisms that function as anaerobes/aerobes - Aerobes - organisms that require O2 - Autotrophic bacteria - Heterotrophs - get energy from organic material formed by other organisms (most bacteria) - Autotrophs - obtain energy from nonorganic sources - Photosynthetic bacteria - contain chlorophyll but not held in plastids *Cyanobacteria, green/purple sulfur bacteria, purple nonsulfur bacteria - Different colors caused by photosynthetic pigments - Chemoautotrophic bacteria - derive energy from the oxidation of inorganic molecules (N, S, Fe compounds, gaseous H) - Heterotrophic bacteria - Saprobes - bacteria that obtain nourishment form dead organic material - Autotrophic bacteria, capable of making their own food, obtain energy from light or the oxidation of inorganic molecules - Heterotrophic bacteria obtain energy from breaking down organic compounds made by other organisms - By-products of bacterial metabolism - Antibiotics - valuable - Botulism - food poisoning - Salmonella - gastrointestinal disease - N-fixing bacteria - N fixation - carried out by nodule-forming bacteria - Bacteria releases fixed N (when they break down proteins) - N cycle carried out exclusively by bacteria - Bacteria as plant pathogens - Most plant diseases caused by bacteria - Most bacteria that cause plant diseases are from a group of rod-shaped bacteria called pseudomonads * Citrus canker (Florida) - destroy citrus seedlings - Bacteria as human pathogens - Cholera, leprosy, tetanus, bacterial pneumonia, whooping cough, diptheria - Many diseases dispersed in food/water - Legionnaires's Disease - Severe pneumonia - fatal in 15-20% of victims if untreated - Caused by legionella - small,

Studying Religion from an Academic Perspective

Studying Religion from an Academic Perspective Introduction Religion from ancient times has been handled as a very sacred issue, which people were meant to talk about with a lot of holiness. It is this idea that for long made religious studies almost a taboo in the society, because people looked at religion as a medium of communication with God, who was not supposed to be a subject of discussion.Advertising We will write a custom assessment sample on Studying Religion from an Academic Perspective specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Additionally, it was believed that academic study was a secular issue whereas religion was considered to be sacred, and the two were not supposed to be integrated. Due to this view, religion was until recently not given the academic approach. This paper seeks to highlight why religious studies should be given an academic view, in the quest to understand how it regulates people’s acts in the society. Religious Study and Life The beginning of life is a mystery that has for long been a subject of debate, upon which several explanations have been put forward in trying to unravel it (Deal Beal, 2004). Religion is one of those aspects that try to solve this puzzle, by providing an explanation of how the world and all that is in it was created. Religion also tries to view life from various perspectives, and give possible solutions to some difficult situations which pose problems to most people. It is important to note that religion is so much entangled with life, that it is not practically possible to separate the two. Ways of Studying Religion For one to know more about religion, some methodologies need to be applied in the collection and analysis of data. The modes of study applied here are the same as those applied in other disciplines, and they require one to be an academician in order to be able to adequately employ them (Saliba, 2003). Religious Studies and Other Disciplines Religious studies share a lot of doctrines with othe r academic disciplines, which have enhanced the understanding of religion. Religion explains how people should live in the society, and what they should and should not do, sharing the same approach with sociology which studies people and their behavior in society.Advertising Looking for assessment on religion theology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Religion has also been found to play a greater role in resource allocation, especially in poor communities as it helps people cope with the little they get, thereby solving the problem of economics which seeks to address the issue of resource distribution. Additionally, religion seeks to explain the origin of man and life, while history uses another perspective in solving the same problem of when and how life began (Skele, 2003). Psychology and Philosophy have also been found to share links and ideas with religion, in the way they approach human behavior. Criticism on R eligious Studies Those who criticize religious studies have argued that, religion requires one to observe high moral standards, but students who study religion usually do not practice the teachings of religion, thereby violating the very basic principles of religious studies (Rodriguez Harding, 2009). Some have also claimed that religion as a subject lacks sufficient clout, to be included in school curriculums, since it lacks basic elements of academic subjects, which include freedom to criticize its principles. Conclusion Religion touches our day to day life, and to a certain extent moulds the way most people behave and think. It is related to other academic disciplines, and they all seem to be addressing same issues. Seemingly, there is a need for students and religion enthusiasts, to apply the same level of professionalism in its study and application, as done in other disciplines. Most of the methodologies used in studying social sciences, are equally applicable to religion, an d should be practiced to give religious studies an academic outlook. References Deal, E., W., Beal, K. T. (2004). Theory for Religious Studies. New York: Routledge.Advertising We will write a custom assessment sample on Studying Religion from an Academic Perspective specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Rodriguez, H., Harding, S., J. (2009). Introduction to Study of Religion. New York: Routledge. Saliba, A., J. (2003). Understanding New Religious Movements. Walnut Creek: Rowan Littlefield Publishers. Skele, G., (2009). Religious Diversity and Education: Nordic Perspectives, Munster: Waxmann Verlag.

Regulation of financial reporting by large listed companies in the UK Essay

Regulation of financial reporting by large listed companies in the UK - Essay Example Let us start with interpretation of Standards. Different companies have interpreted the standards in different ways; and it appears that this interpretation aspect is the major cause of inconsistency or lack of uniformity appearing the implementation of IFRS among companies. Uniformity and creditability are highly essential for financial reporting and its regulation ensures that directors and auditors provide reports that are credible by giving them guidance to point out instance relevant rules when certain policies are considered appropriate.(Barry Elliot and James Elliot, 2005)4 IFRS is considered a principal- based system. â€Å"The advantage of a principle based system is that it offers the accountant possibilities to adapt the reporting of transactions to their unique economic settings. A high portion or flexibility increases the possibility to provide a fair presentation of transactions†. (Wyatt, 2005)19. But this advantage is coupled with limitation of different interpretations in order to achieve fair presentation as far as possible, and thereby the inconsistency creeps in affecting the comparability. If a review is made of notes to financial statements of large companies, it will be revealed that most of these are either declaration of accounting principles and policies or other necessary disclosures required to be made under IFRS. Out of such detailed and It would be sufficient if companies make only one line declaration that policies and procedures have been followed as laid down in IFRS manual, except for the principles and procedures detailed in the notes. In other words notes to financial statements of larger companies should contain disclosure of those policies and procedures that have not been followed by the company knowingly or otherwise. Matez Bosnak12, partner of Ernest & Young in Slovakia has, while assessing the first year implementation of IAS, rightly stated that â€Å"typically, IFRS financial

Operating System and Notepad Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Operating System and Notepad - Essay Example There are many uses of an operating system but this paper will focus upon the use of operating system related to Word Pad. "WordPad is a simple proprietary word processor that is included with almost all versions of Microsoft Windows from Windows 95 upwards. It is more advanced than Notepad, which is a rather basic text editor, but much more simple than Microsoft Word. It originated in Windows 1.0x as Write." ( Wikipedia, 10 September 2008). Word Pad provides the user with numerous facilities like formatting and printing the foramtted text. A user is free to choose the text size, the font script which suits his/her requirements the best, if a user makes any mistake, it can instantly be rectified within no time. The margin facility is also at the disposal of an user, with the help of which an user can start any sentence away from the margin or can also perform various other functions. There are many other facilities provided by Word Pad, these facilities include, bold, italics, underl ine and a host of other facilities. The spell check facility is the most amazing facility where in the user can correct his/her mistake instantly. "Notepad is a common text-only (also referred to as plain text) editor. The resulting files - typically saved with the .txt extension - have no format tags or styles, making the program suitable for editing system files that are to be used in a DOS environment." ( Wikipedia, 10 September 2008). Notepad also provides the user with many facilities but its biggest drawback is that the user cannot format the text in notepad, notepad does not provide the facility of formatting the text but on the other hand the facility of copy/paste is the backbone of notepad, the copy/paste feature helps in more ways than one. Notepad allows the user to edit almost any format text file, which makes various tasks easier for any user. Notepad is also very helpful in website building, its capy/paste feature makes website building very easy.

Business goverance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Business goverance - Essay Example The BLM wants to charge the DBD $3 million in case the DBD does not reclaim the land when it has done drilling. In this case, a problem between the two arises. In understanding the situation at hand, we must look carefully at what a principal – agent problem is. The principal – agent problem occurs when a situation arises that motivates an agent to represent the principal in dealing with a particular situation. The BLM may be unable to meet the cost of drilling or may be too involve to drill the oil (Winch 2010, 28). This makes them delegate the whole drilling to another company. DBD, on the other hand, may be specialized in the drilling of oil and they may be the best person who can drill this. In leasing the land by BLM to DBD the company stands to gain more than it can lose as the cost of drilling and maintenance will be passed on to DBD. Nevertheless, a problem arises where they are not sure whether DBD will reclaim the land after it is done with drilling or not. It, therefore, wants to charge DBD $3 million as money for reclaiming the land which if they do not they will spend $3 million to do it whereas DBD will spend $2 million for the reclamation of the land. The total cost of leasing the land to DBD is $5 million so they are afraid if they do not charge the $3 million, they would only make a profit of $2 million shillings. This is a business and its principle objective is to make maximum profits. In principal – agent delegation many advantages are drawn. These include improved decision-making and the efficiency of these decisions. Decisions are wholly passed to the agent who takes the problems as their own and works to towards finding viable decisions. This means that the principal only wants a particular payoff but the rest is left to the agent. In the example of BLM and DBD, the BLM can be likened to a Landlord and the DBD as a tenant. The property owner will lease the land to the tenant and pass all that concerns to it to the tenant

Genetic Mutations Result In Faulty Proteins

Genetic Mutations Result In Faulty Proteins The DNA sequence codes for a particular gene which is then copied into a protein sequence code. Protein is found in every cell in human body and has a vital role in cell growth and tissue repair. The amino acids are the building blocks of proteins which are arranged in a specific order to determine the proteins shape and function. The incorrect amino acid sequence leads to harmful consequences because it can lead to the formation of faulty proteins which can cause disruption in metabolic and regulatory pathways which cause genetic disorders (1). Genetic mutation is a change in genomic sequence which encodes DNA. It can be either inherited or somatic mutation. Somatic mutations are introduced either during DNA replication or when the DNA repair process fails. Agents which damage DNA are frequent carcinogens. Most carcinogenic agents are mutagens. There are two classes of mutations caused by mutagens. The first class is spontaneous mutations caused by depurination, deamination and demethylation(3). The second class is induced mutations caused by ionizing radiation,chemical mutagens and ultra violet radiation(3). Mutation during DNA replication Before cell divides, cell duplicates its entire DNA sequence. To start DNA replication, the DNA helicase separates the DNA molecule into two strands. Then DNA polymerase copies each strand of DNA in order to create two double-stranded DNA molecules. Somatic mutation occurs when this DNA polymerase makes an error in copying which takes place once every 100,000,000 bases (4). Mutation effects Single base substitution: The consequences of single base substitution mutation depend on the location of the protein which can lead to either silent mutation, missense mutation or a non-sense mutation. Silent mutations are those which dont produce any change in an amino acid sequence of a protein. They occur in that region that either doesnt code for a protein or doesnt alter the final sequence of amino acid chain. For example GCA codon turns into GCG codon as in result of single nucleotide replacement because both GCA and GCG codons mean arginine in mRNA (8). Missense mutations involve a change in a single nucleotide to cause substitution of a different amino acid. This can result into a non-functional protein. Sickle cell anemia is an example of missense mutation where CTC in the DNA sense strand specifies glutamate residue get altered with GUG in the mRNA which results in a Valine residue in the protein causing sickle-cell anemia (8). Non-sense mutations are those which results in a premature stop codon leading to the formation of a non-functional protein. An example for non-sense mutation is a single nucleotide replacement from C to T in codon CAG which forms a stop codon TAG. This incorrect sequence causes the shortening of protein (8). Frameshift mutation: This mutation is the result of an insertion or a deletion of one or more nucleotides from the DNA sequence but not in multiples of three because bases in set of three forms a codon which provides the code for an amino acid sequence of the protein. So as DNA polymerase read the triplet nature of codon so an insertion or a deletion can disrupt its reading frame which results into a completely different translation done by the DNA polymerase (8+6). Chromosome mutation: Any change either in structure or arrangement of chromosomes is a chromosome mutation which frequently occurs in meiosis during crossing over. The different types of chromosome mutation are:- Translocation: In this mutation, a piece of one chromosome gets transferred to a non-homologous chromosome. For example when translocation between chromosomes 9 and 22 takes place, an abnormal gene forms which codes for an abnormal faulty protein resulting the development of leukaemia (8). Inversion: During this mutation, a DNA region on a chromosome flips its orientation leading the formation of an abnormal gene which then codes for a faulty abnormal protein. Deletion: In this mutation, a chromosome section gets deleted which results in the loss of genes (6). Duplication: During this mutation, some genes get duplicate and get read twice by the DNA polymerase on the same chromosome resulting in the formation of a faulty abnormal protein (6). Non-disjunction: This is when chromosomes dont separate successfully to opposite poles at anaphase stage during meiosis which allows the presence of an extra chromosome in one of the daughter cells. Downs syndrome is an example of non-disjunction which occurs in chromosome 21 of a human egg cell (8). Removal of faulty proteins In eukaryotic cells, faulty proteins are recognized and degraded very rapidly in cells to prevent any harmful consequences. The two major faulty protein destruction pathways are:- Ubiquitin-proteasome pathway for faulty intracellular proteins: In the case of formation of faulty proteins which are defective get ejected into the proteasome from the endoplasmic reticulum through channels called retrotranslocons. Proteasome is a large multi-catalytic protein complex found in all eukaryotes which is located in nucleus and cytoplasm. It is responsible to degrade faulty intracellular proteins through proteolysis(2). The enzymes which carry out proteolysis are known as proteases. Those intracellular proteins which need to go under degradation get tagged with another small protein called ubiquitin(2). Ubiquitin binds to the amino group of the side chain of a lysine residue. This tagging process is catalyzed by ubiquitin ligase. Once the protein gets tagged,a signal gets released to other ligases allowing more ubiquitin molecules to attach to form a poly-ubiquitin chain. Poly-ubiquitin chain then bound by the 26s proteasome complex which leads to the degradation of tagged protein(7). Ubiquitin does get released which that can be reused in next cycle. However ATP is used for the attachment of ubiquitin and for the degradation of tagged proteins (5). Lysosomal proteolysis for faulty extracellular proteins: Lysosomes are membrane-enclosed cellular organelles in animals containing digestive enzymes and proteases. They have important roles in cell metabolism including the digestion of extracellular proteins taken up through endocytosis. So during this protein degradation pathway, the protein is uptaken by lysosomes through the formation of vesicles derived from endoplasmic reticulum called autophagosomes. Then these autophagosomes fuse with lysosomes so in result the digestive lysosomal enzymes digest their contents (5).

Alices Adventures in Wonderland, Through the Looking Glass and What Al

Alice's Adventures in Wonderland, Through the Looking Glass and What Alice Found There: For Adults Only! Â   "'Curiouser and curiouser!'cried Alice" (Carroll, Alice's Adventures in Wonderland 9). At the time she was speaking of the fact that her body seemed to be growing to immense proportions before her very eyes; however, she could instead have been speaking about the entire nature of Lewis Carroll's classic works Alice's Adventures in Wonderland and Through the Looking Glass and What Alice Found There. At first glance, the novels seem easy enough to understand. They are simple children's stories filled with fantastical language and wonderful worlds. They follow the basic genre of nearly all children's work, they are written in simple and clear language, feature a young hero and an amazing, unbelievable cast of characters, are set in places of mystery and illusion, and seem far too nonsensical and unusual for adults to enjoy. Even their author, Lewis Carroll, believed them to be children's stories. Yet Carroll and generations of parents and children have been wrong. While these stories ma y seem typical children's fare, they are distinctly different. Their symbolism, content, and message make the Alice books uniquely intended for adults. Charles Lutwidge Dodgson was born in 1832 in Victorian England. He was a mathematics professor, but he had a very peculiar dual identity. "Most of the time he was C. L. Dodgson, the shy, stammering mathematics professor, but on occasion he became Lewis Carroll, the dynamic fantasist and parodist" (Matuz 105). He began his career in writing by publishing typical and uninspiring tracts about mathematics and politics, but after an inspirational boat ride with three young girls, he began the... ...dventures in Wonderland, by Lewis Carroll. The Sewanee Review XXXV (1927): 393-398. Hudson, Derek. "Lewis Carroll." British Writers 5 (1982): 265-266. Leach, Elsie. "'Alice in Wonderland' in Perspective." 1964. New York: Vanguard Press, Inc., 1971. Masslich, George. "A Book within a Book." The English Journal X (1921): 122. Matuz, Roger, ed. Nineteenth-Century Literature Criticism. Detroit: Gale Research, Inc., 1991. Priestley, J. B. "A Note on Humpty Dumpty." I for One. London: John Lane, 1923. 194. Spacks, Patricia Meyer. "Logic and Language in 'Through the Looking-Glass.'" 1961. New York: Vanguard Press, Inc., 1971. Wilson, Edmund. "C. L. Dodgson: The Poet Logician." 1932. New York: Vanguard Press, Inc., 1971. Woolf, Virginia. "Lewis Carroll." The Moment and Other Essays. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, Inc., 1948. 83. Alice's Adventures in Wonderland, Through the Looking Glass and What Al Alice's Adventures in Wonderland, Through the Looking Glass and What Alice Found There: For Adults Only! Â   "'Curiouser and curiouser!'cried Alice" (Carroll, Alice's Adventures in Wonderland 9). At the time she was speaking of the fact that her body seemed to be growing to immense proportions before her very eyes; however, she could instead have been speaking about the entire nature of Lewis Carroll's classic works Alice's Adventures in Wonderland and Through the Looking Glass and What Alice Found There. At first glance, the novels seem easy enough to understand. They are simple children's stories filled with fantastical language and wonderful worlds. They follow the basic genre of nearly all children's work, they are written in simple and clear language, feature a young hero and an amazing, unbelievable cast of characters, are set in places of mystery and illusion, and seem far too nonsensical and unusual for adults to enjoy. Even their author, Lewis Carroll, believed them to be children's stories. Yet Carroll and generations of parents and children have been wrong. While these stories ma y seem typical children's fare, they are distinctly different. Their symbolism, content, and message make the Alice books uniquely intended for adults. Charles Lutwidge Dodgson was born in 1832 in Victorian England. He was a mathematics professor, but he had a very peculiar dual identity. "Most of the time he was C. L. Dodgson, the shy, stammering mathematics professor, but on occasion he became Lewis Carroll, the dynamic fantasist and parodist" (Matuz 105). He began his career in writing by publishing typical and uninspiring tracts about mathematics and politics, but after an inspirational boat ride with three young girls, he began the... ...dventures in Wonderland, by Lewis Carroll. The Sewanee Review XXXV (1927): 393-398. Hudson, Derek. "Lewis Carroll." British Writers 5 (1982): 265-266. Leach, Elsie. "'Alice in Wonderland' in Perspective." 1964. New York: Vanguard Press, Inc., 1971. Masslich, George. "A Book within a Book." The English Journal X (1921): 122. Matuz, Roger, ed. Nineteenth-Century Literature Criticism. Detroit: Gale Research, Inc., 1991. Priestley, J. B. "A Note on Humpty Dumpty." I for One. London: John Lane, 1923. 194. Spacks, Patricia Meyer. "Logic and Language in 'Through the Looking-Glass.'" 1961. New York: Vanguard Press, Inc., 1971. Wilson, Edmund. "C. L. Dodgson: The Poet Logician." 1932. New York: Vanguard Press, Inc., 1971. Woolf, Virginia. "Lewis Carroll." The Moment and Other Essays. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, Inc., 1948. 83.

Crisis intervention theory Essay

The crisis intervention theory was developed by Linder Mann and Gerald Caplan, this theory however was developed by a team of sociologist, social workers, doctors and counselors, the incident that led to the development of this theory was the coconut clove fire where 493 people perished in a night club in the US. The behavior and thought of people in crises change, they are usually confused, agitated in that they are easily angered, they feel helpless, they feel helpless and headaches. However the two scholars identified two types of crisis situations Developmental crisis- in this type of crises the situation is predictable example old age crisis. Situational crisis- this type of crisis is unpredictable and unexpected example natural disasters, fatal illnesses and rape. Techniques of crisis intervention according to this theory – Assessing the events that triggered the crisis. – Assessing the coping strength of the client under normal circumstances. – The human service worker should focus on the target area and give hope to a client. – The worker should have a plan of action with well planed specific tasks. – The worker should always keep the client in touch with reality and avoid asking question that may hinder the thinking of the client. – The worker should concentrate on obtaining the missing information and concentrate on the present situation and not much on the past. How this helps solve the client’s problem – This intervention strategy helps to give hope and encouragement to the client to coupe with the crisis. – It also helps to build the confidence of the person in crisis. – By concentrating on a specific task the client changes the way of thinking, feelings and actions. – The model emphasizes that the termination of the services should be done until the client overcomes the crisis. Contribution to crisis intervention This theory has contributed to crisis intervention strategies in that it emphasis that when dealing with a client it does not necessarily mean that the mechanisms that worked in the past can be used in the present situation. The theory also states that it is not easy to point out people with crises because people interpret crisis differently but the theory states that people make comments such as they cannot cope, they feel helpless and that they are failures, however this theory has contributed to crisis intervention in that it emphasis putting the needs of the clients first. Reference: Albert R. Roberts (2005) Crisis Intervention Handbook: assessment, treatment and research, Oxford University Press, Oxford.

SCOTT JOPLIN essays

SCOTT JOPLIN essays In the late 1890s ; a craze for a new kind of music called ragtime swept the country off its feet. Instant popularity of ragtime increased before the turn of the century. By 1910, the ragtime mania reached its peak in all elements of music: popular dance, Scott Joplin was a young black man that mastered and polish this subtle art. Born in Texarkana, Texas on November 29, 1868, Scott became facinated with the piano at an early age and was mentored by a old german teacher that took him in as a pupil. Scotts style of piano playing stress his smooth singing tone and subtle sense of rhythm. Scott has the tendency to turn melodic lines into delicate and but simple notes. Generally all of his pieces share the customary ragtime layout and composition of a pair of contrasting lines, each repeated and followed by the return to the first line, then a new section consisting of two or three repeated lines emerge and is usually subdominant. In Scotts piece the Magnetic Rag. The reappearance of the orginal theme at the close of the piece, shares a shocking likeness to Beethovens famous reoccuring I am Death Theme. In the Magnetic Rag, the return of the opening theme at the end of the piece creates a rondo-like structure with a scheme ABCDA, with the outer A section and the central C section stands in tonal harmony. This can be compared to his other famous pieces of work Maple Leaf Rag and The Entertainer which all exercise the reappearing theme that shows a tendency to round out by always returning to the home Magnetic Rag was the last piece that Scott completed. It was subtitled : syncopation classiques because of his wonderful blend of syncopation on every up-beat and mad-cow improvisations tailored to sound like European ...

An economic approach to world Heritage

An economic approach to world Heritage Introduction World heritage comprises of four main components. These are natural, physical, human and cultural components. Natural heritage is made up of environmental factors such as mountains, rivers, forests, fauna and flora.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on An economic approach to world Heritage specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More On the other hand, physical heritage might be natural or man made features other than living things. Human and cultural heritages go hand bearing in mind that human heritage is more about the culture of people and their historical cultural activities. Therefore, heritage is associated with aesthetic, social, historical and scientific innovations valued by society. The word economics is defined as the study of social science which deals with production, distribution and consumption of commodities and services in regards to the management of economics systems. Economic issues such as necessary fiscal and monetary relations are of great interest to economists. In addition, economics underscores the fact that resources are scarce and that they must be put into proper and prudent utilization in order to achieve the highest utility value. The cost of production and that of distribution must be minimized as much as possible whereas as the output should be as high as possible (Kahn 200). The world population has for a long time devised methods of ensuring that best economic systems are achieved. For instance, it has led to many nations and different countries developing their own various economic policies which have seen the emergence of the capitalism and the communism as some of the most divergent economic policies the world governments ever employed. Some systems combine both capitalism and communism systems of governance. From time to time, some economies have suffered setbacks in what is referred to us depression and economic down turn as it has been experienced lately in the major world economies such as the United States and the Euro zone crisis except for china which had adopted a different economic approach policy from her Western counterparts. When economies of various nations suffer, it is the citizens who are hard hit since they are taxpayers to their respective governments. The greater economic burden is directly transferred to the individuals and they suffer the grueling and daunting task of putting up with the increased spending without reciprocal increase on income.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More It is therefore only prudent that people have to give an in-depth view concerning all situations and living styles in order to come up with economic ventures that would in turn lead to benefits and increased income through wealth creation. This paper therefore, attempts to outline an economic approach to heri tage issues in society with a view offering an insight into the relationship between heritage and economics. Natural heritage There seems to be a close link between natural heritage and natural resources. However, natural heritage differs from the latter in the sense that heritage goes with that which has been identified for some special attention. For instance, wild life being set aside officially for conservation and managed in a proper way for all users is a critical example of natural heritage attached to economics. Natural heritage may also include reserved, non reserved, marked and unmarked lands and other resources which are cherished and of great value to society. Landscape forms part of natural heritage and it applies both to cultural and natural perspective. Natural heritage is distinctive based on the combinations of the physical area and attributes of the surrounding environment which can be categorized as being jungle, forest, national park or a desert. This essay is la rgely concerned with the discussion on economic approach to world heritage. As a matter of fact, world heritage is an aspect which is attached to value that transcends continental and economic significance. The world oceanic waters, highest mountains which have the icecaps such as the mount Everest, Kilimanjaro, Kenya as well as lakes, gulfs, rivers like Nile, Mississippi, Tennessee, lakes, forests, game reserves and parks, are quite phenomenon as natural heritages which attract foreign exchange towards building respective economies. Other natural heritages include Wilder beast migration in East Africa, Egyptian Pyramids and Mayan kingdom. They all form a long list of the renowned world heritage. An economic approach to natural heritage would be necessary since it would be of economic value to manage the natural resource such as mountains, and national parks thus being a source of income to earn revenue by the concerned government and a means of wealth creation (Stimson, Stouch and Nijkamp 400). Tourism industry is a major source of foreign exchange to many countries in the world. This shows that world heritage can be of great economic value. Cultural heritage Cultural heritage concerns people’s way of living and practices that ranges from economic, social, and political life and which also touch on their general well being in society. The culture of a given community would determine the history of such a community in terms of architectural designs of the past such as the Great Wall of China and so on.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on An economic approach to world Heritage specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This are aboriginal and non aboriginal when it comes to looking at the cultural landscape which differ on the basis of appearance and character of landscapes derived from a mixture of historical evidence and the physical development an area. Another way of looking at cultural h eritage is by studying the attributes of an environment which will show discernible patterns correlations between people and their environment based on the outlook of the landscape which may have vegetation cover of planted or natural plants, gardens, parks, urban or rural set ups. This is and evidence of a cultural heritage (Bishop and Phillips 310). Economic approach to cultural heritage therefore would help an economist into understanding how to devise an economic model system for wealth creation in such a culture. History accounts specifically to the occupation and utilization of the continents from time since before by mankind. People’s interactions and settlements, historic places reveal much about a given society and would be of great economic significance. Historic heritage demonstrates the way people have shaped, modified and transformed their cultures and still continue to evolve in the present time yet still achieves an identity as a unit in the changing community. Religion is one of the oldest heritages cherished all over the world and every single community or society has its own way of practicing religion. For a long time, man has been trying to find answers to mysteries and comfort during times of calamities, disasters, catastrophes and pestilence. When man becomes helpless and stranded, he becomes religious and will often seek help from the super natural being who would then intervene by their spirits and other means. Religion which modernizes itself through secularization, reformation, Counter Reformation, Pentecostalism and Protestantism has been of immense economic value to the society. The Ancient religions have been the centers of governance as well as economic bases of their kingdoms. For instance, the ancient kingdoms saw the kings being installed as the heads of state as well as the heads of their governments. The Kings controlled all the wealth and economic activities of their kingdoms. The agricultural activities, trade and tra ding routes, commercial activities and precious stones all were controlled by the kings who also doubled as priests. For example, the Catholic Church as a religion is one religious organization which has lasted close to between 1700 to 200 years and yet still remains one single most powerful religious body with close to slightly above one billion members in the world and one of the richest in wealth accumulation.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The Islam religion is another vital religious organization which cannot go without mentioning. Others are Buddhism, Judaism, Christian Protestants and the Pentecostal churches. It is imperative to look at these religious organizations with an economic view since they control a lot of resources. Religion controls what believers are taught. Their lifestyles including how they are married and the kind of games they watch. With a clear understanding of a given religion, one would be able to devise an economic approach that befits the kind of venture to deploy. For instance, the Muslims are forbidden from eating pork. It is therefore important for an economist to analyze economic benefit in this kind of belief system. Would it be prudent to start pork business in a Muslim dominated nation like Iran? Certainly, it won’t work as a business venture. We also understand that every religion has a standard for its members. Some religions also control the dress codes of their faithful. Th erefore, religion is part of culture and in this context we look at religion as a cultural aspect and practice. When we tie it to an economic approach, the intention here is to bring it out as part of culture hence falls under cultural heritage. An economic approach to heritage Religion which defines man’s relationship with the spiritual world is actually man’s way of reaching God is one of the oldest practices of mankind carried out by people in different parts of the world from time immemorial. Man for a long time has been trying to find answers to mysteries and comfort during times of calamities, disasters, catastrophes and pestilence. When man becomes helpless and stranded, he becomes religious and soften seek help form the super natural beings in the gods and who would then intervene by their spirits and other means. Religion which modernizes itself through secularization, reformation, Counter Reformation, Pentecostalism and Protestantism has been of immense econo mic value to the society (Stimson, Stouch and Nijkamp 74). The Ancient religions have been the centers of government as well as the economic bases of their kingdoms (Segal 286). For instance, the ancient kingdoms saw the kings being the head of state as well as the heads of then government. The Kings controlled all the wealth and economic activities of their kingdoms. The agricultural activities, the trades and trade routes, commercial activities and precious stones all were controlled by the kings who also doubled as priest s. The Catholic Church as a religion for instance is one religious organization which has lasted close to between 1700 to 200 years historically and yet still remains one single most powerful religious body with close to over slightly above one billion members in the world and one of the richest in wealth accumulation. The Islam religion is another vital religious organization which cannot go without mentioning. Others are the Buddhism, Judaism, Christian Protes tants and the Pentecostal churches (Rao and Walton 280). It is imperative to look at these religious organizations with an economic view since they control a lot of resources. Religion controls what they faithful are taught and what they eat. Their lifestyles including how they are married and the kind of games they watch. With a clear understanding of a given religion, one would be able to devise an economic approach that befits the kind of venture to deploy. For instance, the Muslims are forbidden from eating pork, it is therefore important for an economist to analyze what economic sense there is in such a belief. Would it be prudent to start pork business in a Muslim dominated nation like Iran? Certainly not! We also understand that every religion has a standard for its members. Some religions also control the dress codes of their faithful. The priests of the Catholic church have particular priestly robes which differ depending on rank such as whether one is just an alter boy, ca techist, seminarian, priest, bishop or arch bishop and even a pope (Segal 360). An economic approach this fact would be; how do the priests acquire their robes? Who makes the robes, and how much does it cost, how are the robes distributed, how many are supplied? What about other numerous materials and items that go with the worship such as the candles, the Eucharist’s and the anointed water? The religious books that are read all over the world such as the Bible, the Catholic Douay, the Quran, the Christian Science and health and the Scriptures by the Judaism. It is really important to know how much in terms of resources it would cost to print a copy of the bible or any of the many other religious books. Another important think to consider while giving an economic approach to religion is not just to concentrate on the opportunities that are presented by the religious practices and activities but also the economic challenges posed by the same. For example many religions go on f asting such as the Lenten campaign, camping and Ramadhan (the Muslim holy month); periods in which people do not eat certain meals and foods. Some religions do not believe in taking the sick to the hospitals yet others still do not believe in taking children to the secular and formal school. With an economic approach, issues such as necessary fiscal and monetary relations are of course being of interest to economists does give insights in trying to underscores the fact that the resources are scarce and that these scarce resources must be put into proper and prudent utilization in order to achieve the highest utility value. The cost of production and that of distribution must be minimized as much as possible whereas as the output should be of the highest expectation as possible. Religion would best be practiced under an economic microscope therefore for a healthy faithful flock to be bred (Stimson, Stouch and Nijkamp 52). Notes on how to present the paper This essay discusses economi c approach to world heritage. As a matter of fact, world heritage is an aspect which is attached to value that transcends continental and economic significance. Tourism industry is a major source of foreign exchange to many countries in the world. This shows that world heritage can be of economic value. Natural heritage is more concerned with the natural endowments with respect to aesthetic and economic values. For instance, tourism majorly thrives on natural resources such as vast wildlife and beautiful landscapes which provide perfect scenic sites of attractions. These would include attractions such as water falls, craters, reefs, cliffs, escarpments, lakes, mountains, rivers, oceans, pedestals and even underground features. It is important to note that some of the tourist attraction scenes are manmade. Case examples include the Egyptian and Sudanese pyramids, tall buildings, large roads, manmade lakes and canals. The natural collection forms part of the natural heritage whereas t he artificial combination is part and parcel of the human heritage. However, the latter goes beyond just what man has made to the extent of exploring people’s way of life. This consequently brings us to the cultural heritage whereby we find historical evidences on the past of man. The culture of a given community would determine the history of such a community in terms of their buildings of the pas such as the Great Wall of China and so on (Bishop and Phillips 134). These are aboriginal and non aboriginals when it comes to looking at the cultural landscape which differ on the basis of appearance and character of landscapes derived from a mixture of historical evidence and the physical development of an area. Another way of looking at cultural heritage is by studying the attributes of an environment which will show discernible patterns and correlations between people and their environment based on the outlook of the landscape which may have vegetation cover of planted or natur al plants, gardens, parks, urban or rural set ups. This is a clear evidence of a cultural heritage. Economic approach to cultural heritage would therefore be of help to an economist. Religion is one of the oldest heritages cherished all over the world and every single community or society in the world has its own way of practicing their religion. The Ancient religions have been the centers of government as well as the economic bases of their kingdoms. For instance, the ancient kingdoms saw the kings being the heads of state as well as heads of governments. The Kings controlled all the wealth and economic activities of their kingdoms. The agricultural activities, trading and trade routes, commercial activities and precious stones were all controlled by the kings who also doubled as priests. An economic sense is found in the religious books that are read all over the world such as the Bible, the Catholic Douay, and the Quran, the Christian Science and health as well as the Scriptures by Judaism. Another important element to consider while giving an economic approach to religion is not just to concentrate on the opportunities that are presented by the religious practices and activities but also the economic challenges posed by the same. Many religions practice prayer and fasting during which people do not eat certain meals yet some do not believe in taking the sick to hospitals and formal schooling. It is therefore imperative to find out the possibility of an economic significance in the practices of culture and religion which are closely intertwined. Bishop,  Kevin and Adrian, Phillips. Countryside Planning: New Approaches to Management and Conservation. London, UK: Earthscan, 2004. Print. Kahn, James. The economic approach to environmental and natural resources. Tennessee: Dryden Press, 1998. Print. Rao, Vijayendra and Michael, Walton. Culture and Public Action .Washington DC: Stanford University press, 2004.Print. Segal, Robert. The Blackwell companion to t he study of religion. Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishing, 2006.Print. Stimson Robert, Roger Stouch and Peter, Nijkamp. Endogenous regional development:Perspectives,measurements and empirical investigation. Northampton, MA: Edward Elgar Publishing Inc., 2011.Print.

Advantages and disadvantages of the FairTax Act Term Paper - 1

Advantages and disadvantages of the FairTax Act - Term Paper Example ing the proposals into the U.S accounting framework because the most important thing is to delivering the necessary information in an efficient and timely manner. It is therefore apparent that IASB proposals will have a great impact on US GAAP therefore forcing accountants to seek modifications to their activities. Upcoming changes to U.S GAAP intend to have significant effect on revenue recognition, leases and financial instruments. Even though the standard has not been made final, the three major changes to U.S. GAAP are significant and therefore understanding how they affect one’s profession and entities operations (Gallagher, 2010). When revenue recognition, financial instruments and leases standards are finalized, they will definitely become part of U.S. GAAP and affect both private, not for profit and public entities that were previously using the U.S GAAP standards. The revenue recognition proposal will have a great influence on the way revenues will be recognized and disclosed, transactions will be accounted for, and finally the way contractual arrangements will be made as a way of improving comparability across companies, industries and capital markets. A single standard for revenue recognition that converges U.S GAAP and IFRS applicable across all industries and in all transactions is vital in eliminating the transaction and industry specific revenue recognition guidance associated with U.S GAAP (Munter, 2011). The resulting standard will be a principle based approach that will determine revenue recognition because of its ability to affect every entity’s every day accounting and transactions. Standardized revenue recognition standard for both annual and interim reporting will be applied retrospectively including any practical expedients discussed. However, transition to the new revenue recognition standard as well as the potential impacts on financial statements and introduction of new systems may take some time due to challenges of familiarity

Management Principles Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 1

Management Principles - Essay Example This report identifies the advantages and disadvantages of the lifetime employment model and offers lessons for today’s managers who are still considering using this lifetime employment system. When employees are given lifetime employment guarantees, the business must consider its responsibilities in terms of the law. Gibson and Piscitelli (1997) offer that business leaders must be careful about certain statements which are made which can be interpreted by employees to mean that their jobs will always be secure. In one large, multi-national business environment, a business manager, in passing workplace discussion, told his employee that â€Å"we will retire together†. This statement was made in an environment where no such lifetime employment guarantees were part of the business model, however the employee was able to convince the legal system that a lifetime employment contract was implied, thus imposing significant consequences for the business. Even though this was not a business where lifetime employment was being offered to employees, it tends to illustrate the importance of considering the legal responsibilities of these agreements. Repa and Stewart (1999) offer that the largest legal risk is when employees begin to perceive that contracts exist between themselves and the business entity, thus the creation of an implied contract becomes grounds for legal disputes. In a business where lifetime employment is part of the business model, companies must consider the risks of these types of agreements as employees have considerable legal resources available in the event that employees perceive breaches of these contracts, whether implied or based on written employee contracts. The business must also consider that, when offering lifetime employment guarantees, the current marketplace or economic conditions will not always, in the future, be favourable

Exploratory Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Exploratory Paper - Essay Example For one, various enhancements in the Internet such as flash playing and audio embedding has provided new and effective ways for people to communicate. In addition to this, the wideness of its reach has convinced companies to use the Internet as a major communication medium in tapping their primary target markets. Also, the immensity of information that could be accessed in the Internet has influenced the creation of passion groups or digital tribes. These are primarily comprised of people who interact with those who share the same interests with them. Lastly, the Internet has also been used by non-profit organizations in advocating their programs that aim at furthering social causes. For example, anti-human trafficking initiatives are commonly broadcasted in the groups’ Youtube, Facebook, or Twitter accounts. Through these examples, it can be claimed that the role of the Internet in connecting people has helped it foster the so-called ‘global digital community’. F or one, micro-blogging sites like Twitter keeps people updated with the current societal events—whether local or international. Youtube encourages people to be more ‘content creators’ rather than mere ‘passive users’ by allowing them to upload original videos. ... As such, miscommunications and disputes may transpire in the Internet, especially when taken into consideration the capacity of the Internet in disseminating information in a highly fast manner. It is through these aforementioned reasons that an in-depth analysis of the social implications of the Internet is vital. In this light, this paper shall expose the positive and negative effects of the Internet in peoples and cultures, and why key institutions of human society must work hand-in-hand in optimizing the benefits obtained from the Internet. Positive Implications of the Internet At this point, a critical examination of the social benefits of the Internet must be done in relation to technology and culture. Firstly, the Internet allows for an easier and more dynamic access and transfer to information (Brey 3). With the increase in the Internet’s storage capacity, massive information could now be stored and accessed in almost all websites, as supported by search engine giants like Yahoo! and Google. Interestingly, hard copies of numerous pieces of literature are now present in the Internet, too. In addition to this, the convergence of various media in the Internet paves the way for an easier exchange of information (Brey 3). For example, Tweeting is now linked to the user’s Facebook account, while websites now have share buttons that aid in the faster distribution of information. Traditional television, furthermore, has incorporated QR codes in its programs to lead its audiences to specific websites. Apart from these examples that reinforce how the Internet allows for an easier and more dynamic access and transfer of data, it can be claimed that the Internet

Why drugs should remain illegal in America Essay Example for Free

Why drugs should remain illegal in America Essay Why drugs should remain illegal in America Introduction            Over the years, there has been a raging debate on whether drugs should be legalized in the United States or not. There are those who believe that drugs should be made legal and accessible to all Americans and those who argue that they should not be legalized. Proponents of drug realization argue that the current drug laws are harmful to the society and violate the personal freedoms. Moreover, they argue that enforcing drug laws is a wastage of public resources that could be used in more meaningful public projects. Despite these seemingly convincing arguments, I believe that drugs should remain illegal in the United States (David Edward,2013 ).            To begin with, research has established that there is link between drugs and increased crime rates. Many of the crimes that happen in America are related to drug abuse. This means that drug legalization in America will result in increased crime rates in the country. Secondly, drugs should remain illegal in the United States because they have very negative effects on the health of the users. As people continue to abuse drugs, their bodies become over dependent on them resulting in health complications. Other than health, drugs also have a negative effect on the economy and the general quality of life of Americans. Currently, the American health care industry is already overburdened and would be brought to its knees if drugs were legalized (David Edward,2013 ). Although proponents of drug legalization argue that public money spent on enforcing drug would be saved through legalization, this money would be spent on treating drug related matters. The money from drugs w ould not compensate for things like for fetal defects, loss of jobs, industrial accidents, road accidents and high rates of domestic violence. Reference David Simon, Edward Burns. (2013). The Corner: A Year in the Life of an Inner-City Neighborhood.Crown Publishing Group Source document

Urban photography

Urban photography Understanding the definition of Urban Photography and how other practitioners can influence my images through the art of composition For my personal investigation for the first project of A2, I have decided to choose a genre that excites me and one that can challenge my creative practices. Having chosen Architecture for my theme last year, I’m going to use the Photoshop skills and camera techniques I learnt and adapt them to the genre I’ve chosen this year. I first started the investigation into the genre of Street Photography. Street caught my eye whilst watching photography tutorial YouTube videos on the internet in the summer before the A2 academic year started. I’m obsessed with the idea of capturing a moment of everyday life, a picture that has a meaning and a story that’s ambiguous to everyone who’s viewing the image having their own conceptions. Taking pictures of ordinary people in ordinary places interacting with others and the environment around them, and creating an image that represents one person of society at one particular time, an image that makes you contemplate life around us is my main motive for my love of street photography. However at the start of the project after more research into famous street photographers and having carried out my own photo shoot on â€Å"the street†, I suddenly realised I don’t have the extremely high confidence needed to shoot on the street up close to strangers. It is a daunting and dangerous genre especially for a teenager. Urban Photography I felt was the answer to this dilemma photographing the urban landscape and not just portraits of strangers in the city. Photographing the environment we work and live in is fascinating to see what inner beauties underlie of everyday life we perhaps take for granted. According to Paul Halliday, (A photographic urban artist and film-maker) ‘Urban Photography is an interdisciplinary field of visual practice concerned with the evocation and representation of urban spaces and the lives of those living, working and moving through such spaces.’ – Available at: http://www.urbanphotofest.org/defining-urban-photogr aphy, Accessed 16th February 2015. This statement is how he describes urban photography and I agree with him how urban photographs show the spaces people live and work in. Composition is an art. In the terms that, without composition, techniques, tricks, rules, arrangements and learning how other artists that have their own ‘personal’ take on how they compose an image; the photographs we produce may not communicate the initial story/subject and or context we wanted to portray. For instance, we might take a picture thinking it looks like what we saw in our eyes but the way we took it (a quick snapshot, poor alignment) may change the whole dynamic and instead show no orderly patterns (something that our eyes are drawn to), no visual order (foreground, background†¦) and may place emphasis on the object or person who isn’t the main subject (which could create confusion in an image) that you primarily wanted to capture. I’m going to look at the two artists below who I have touched on briefly in my sketchbook however look more closely into how they compose their images, what I can learn and how their ‘take’ can im prove my images adopting practices that they are subconsciously used too. On Wikipedia’s article about composition, it backs up my point referring to how the viewers of the image may not view what we wanted them to look at (how it effects the communication). ‘The position of the viewer can strongly influence the aesthetics of an image, even if the subject is entirely imaginary and viewed within the minds eye. Not only does it influence the elements within the picture, but it also influences the viewers interpretation of the subject.’ – (Composition (Visual Arts), Accessed: 22/02/2015, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Composition_(visual_arts)) Prior to this personal investigation into the genres street and urban, I hadn’t performed or produced any pictures of this type. It is therefore important for me to visually analyse the works of others to gain an understanding into how they compose their images. Placing emphasis on what they want as the main subje ct and how differences can impact upon the interpretation of the picture, all viewers may have. Analysis of bold composition, Urban Photographer: Nicholas Goodden One photographer I’ve researched in this project is called Nicholas Goodden. His work is magnificent to look at and his pictures truly demonstrate Paul’s definition of the genre. He photographs the big city ‘London’ and captures little sights where he lives and works. He says â€Å"Beauty is all around but people are too busy or don’t care enough to see it†. His work captures the beauties that are hidden to us in our everyday life usually including one subject in his pictures creating bold compositions. These bold compositions are usually created by simple shapes such as circles, rectangles, radial patterns, lines, curves and zigzags that attract the eye. Photographing these forms he sees around the city with his common use of bright colours and contrast gives the viewers of his images an insight into how he sees the city from the hustle and bustle to the lonely parts, they are a tribute to London as a whole. The portfolio which he has constructed show a variety of urban scenes in the East London area, below are two of my favourites and two that are inspiring to me in my personal project. The first image (left) rightly captioned tunnel vision, is a picture of people walking through an underground tunnel which is part of London’s tube network. It’s one of my favourites because it captures people rushing around which is what the tube network is known for (although it’s edited, in a way it’s also a true representation). It captures the true city/urban life with commuters trying to get to their destination in a hurry. Nicholas could have taken this image at a quick shutter speed around 200th/second freezing the movement of the people walking past him however this would have made a mediocre photograph. Instead he left it on quite a slow shutter speed creating this artistic motion blur. This isn’t the first time he’s done this and in fact he’s quite fond of this creative technique looking through his portfolio. In my sketchbook, there’s an image he’s taken that has light trails off a vehicle driving past Camden Lock and he uses the long exposure to capture this movement of light. The outcome is an unusual artistic effect that can change the mood and add much more interest to the image. He aligned the handrail in the centre of his viewfinder that in a way splits the image into two half’s which also give the image a symmetrical look. The reason why this looks good is because the image is not complicated to read improving the communication between the picture and the viewer. He’s changed the image into black and white which is straightaway eye catching with the leading lines strongly defined guiding us towards the centre of the image. The tonality appears to be a selenium type colour not just an ordinary black and white, this tone gives off a more modern black and white image (clean and crisp, digital) which is a complete different feel to a more traditional sepia look. Along the floor are nine strong dark lines, accompany this with the sharp details on the walls and the main subject (the handrail) which is also a strong leading line creates this clear three dimensional feel. There’s lots of negative space which is not unusual in Nicholas’ images. He uses this negative space as a composition element. In this image, the negative space is correctly balanced on each half of the image supporting the symmetrical look I mentioned in the last paragraph. This negative space Nicholas includes in his image although it often results in him going further away from a subject, it defines and emphasises the main subject drawing your eye towards it. The negative space is gives breathing space to the viewer allowing them to relax and take time to observe the image adding to a more engaging composition. The second image (right) is of three London phone boxes and a passer-by walking towards the left of the frame. The first subject I was drawn to was the telephone box in the middle of the image, most probably because it is in the centre of the image however a few seconds after I was drawn directly to the guy walking past. Nicholas waited for the right moment or as Henri-Cartier Bresson would say â€Å"the decisive moment†. This is when the person is looking at Nicholas or his camera showing a facial expression that could be describing his current mood. It’s as if to say â€Å"What’s he doing over there taking my picture?† The person is another part to the image; it could be that he/she is rushing to the shop or walking home from work. Either way, it creates a dialog (right term to use?) between the image and the viewer and adds more interest to the image instead of it being just three phone boxes. His body language could also suggest he/she was in a peacefu l rush – (doesn’t sound right? Help). This image is a demonstration to Nicholas’ bold compositions techniques. The telephone boxes are a visual repetition that attracts the eye to view different parts of the image for longer. Nicholas has increased the contrast in the telephone boxes making them look more vibrant adding to the aesthetic look rather than a flat, morbid look. This makes the image more relatable as it’s closer if not the stereotypical (not the word but there’s a word for it) colour that is often associated with London. This dark contrast in the phone boxes adds drama to the image along with all the shadows across the image being reduced as well as the slight vignette around the frame. All this adds to the drama in the picture Nicholas has produced. The image also has some negative space again drawing attention and drama which is another composition technique he uses as I discussed in the above paragraphs. Conclusion of Nicholas Goodden Nicholas has made himself renowned on the internet, social media and in photography magazines as a London urban and street photographer creating images of iconic London Buildings and captain the essence of the capital city. He gives a modern perspective on urban photography which is notable with his digital manipulation and his modern mirrorless camera (to be specific Olympus’ OM-D E-M1). Looking at his images makes me take a step back, and contemplate the environment, who and what the people in his images are doing and how life differs in different towns and cities. Even different areas of these places that can show a complete contrast to another area of the city, and it is interesting to witness this through an urban photograph. Simply because Nicholas’ urban photography captures the true feel of the environment of which he is in, sometimes he includes people in his image sometimes not. In the situation of the latter, the way he composes his frames with lots of negative space next to a main subject (which really stands out through an increase in contrast and/or placement) allows the mind to imagine this environment. This is a critical reason to why I have researched him and how I want his photography to influence mine. Analysis of communication through composition and use of geometry, Street Photographer: Henri-Cartier Bresson If there is one element of Henri’s photography I have learnt whilst researching him, reading articles about him on the internet, browsing through hundreds of his images (made available on Magnumphotos.com), watching documentaries and interviews, it’s the use of geometry in his photographs he uses to his advantage placing forms and shapes in a way that converges patterns around the image. This allows the subject he is taking to stand out of the background with patterns leading towards and away from the frame. When Charlie Rose (an American television talk show host) asked Henri â€Å"What makes a great composition† he simply answered â€Å"Geometry†. Henri’s intent in the composition of his images was to â€Å"communicate the intensity† of the subject. This meant the purpose of how he composed his images was to make sure to best highlight the subject of the photograph. Composition should guide the eye to focus on a particular subject by eliminating distractions. This is true as an image with a main subject should also have quite an amount of negative space which again can be created with the composition the photographer uses, using his eye, he has the power of exclusion including only what he wants to see in the photograph. â€Å"The photograph’s eye is perpetually evaluating. A photographer can bring coincidence of line simply by moving his head a fraction of a millimetre. He can modify perspectives by a slight bending of the knees. By placing the camera closer to or further from the subject, he draws a detail.† –Henri. This quote from Henri himself explains how he and any photographer can manipulate the final outcome of a photograph. Adjusting the frame ever so slightly can change the whole perspective adding more or less detail to the subject the photographer is looking at. In all of the interviews I have read online, Henri never talks about the composition techniques I use and the ones that are discussed in modern photography magazines such as the rule of thirds. He used the vertical lines across the image which the rule of thirds is associated with but he mostly used the strong diagonal line that goes from one corner to the other. Observing image after image, an overwhelming number of his images rely of this diagonal line. A range of subjects, people lying down, a line of chairs or dark shadows in the image. France. 1932. Marseille. The Allà ©e du Prado. USA. 1947. New York City. Manhattan. Downtown. He analyses the environment he is in before he takes an image. He notices the distinctive relationship of patterns and lines that the subject has in common with the background, establishing a strong figure to ground relationship. In these two images, the sense of geometry is astounding. In the first image is taken in France (above, left). The main subject appears to be a grown man looking slightly away from the camera with a quite concerning shocking emotion on his face. I can imagine Henri just seeing this image with his eyes, looking behind him finding a relationship and geometric patterns and then shooting quickly before he lost the emotion on the man’s face he wanted to capture. Coincidentally the man was stood still in the middle of the path where the trees formed a two strong beautiful leading lines gradually getting smaller in the distance, this added depth but not only depth, but mathematical geometry which is what makes his images. Henri wouldn’t have just seen this and took a picture. He would quickly try and place the man in the centre of his viewfinder by moving inches to the right so that he (the subject) is brought out of the background more with the converging trees behind him fitting perfectly, like putting a jigsaw together. Also by doing this, the subjects three dimensional form is obvious and a true representation of the persons height with the trees beside him acting as a comparable measure. The second image (above, right) captures what appears to be an upset child/young adult sat on the kerb of a side street in New York. Because he was quite some distance away from the subject, we cannot really see what emotion the person is feeling however with his head on his knees looking down, we as humans know it’s not exactly a feeling of enjoyment or fulfilment, more upset and distraught. It seems the person doesn’t know Henri was taking his photograph therefore it shows his real emotion but I also think Henri didn’t want him to know he was there because people act different when a camera is pointing at them, not only that but taking the picture far away like he has here shows him being a true observer of life around him. He would have seen the person sat on the kerb, analysed the scene with the huge buildings aside him and didn’t take a step closer but just took the picture before he was noticed. In this photograph, the geometry he uses is spectacular . They are three main leading lines for the viewer’s eyes to intercept guiding them towards the subject and centre of the image. Six horizontal lines formed from the buildings fill the negative space around the subject adding clarity to the image as it’s easier for the viewer to get a sense of what’s happening and not get lost in the image. The golden rule composition technique can also be adapted here (shown on the right) with the sharp long buildings leading towards the person sat on the kerb. Black and white photographs work perfectly with street photography giving a feeling that a moment has been frozen in time and gives out this memorable, nostalgic feel with minimal distractions. As I’ve researched, I feel colour is just another distraction when it comes to composition of a street photograph. Henri’s images are of course in black and white because it was in the period of black and white film, the early twentieth century. Both images I have chosen to analyse reinforce the emphasis Henri placed on geometry and how it hugely impacts upon the images he had taken. The horizontal, vertical and diagonal lines plays a role into how his images were perceived, making his subjects stand out as well as relate into the background and act as a guide for our eyes to read his images. Conclusion of Henri-Cartier Bresson’s photography Henri is patient, he waits for the ‘deceive moment’ to take the picture. In one documentary on YouTube named â€Å"Just plain love†, he says you have to be receptive as well as lucky to get the image you want after you’ve visually composed the image in your head. Henri was always ready, receptive, on the lookout whilst others around him were unobservant and distracted whilst the help of geometry plays an obvious role in framing the sights he sees. He seeks the physical rhythms in pictures going for form more than light and intuitively taking an image of what he sees. He gains a sensuous pleasure to have everything in the right place, establishing the relations of curves and lines that question his awareness†¦ his ability to observe an environment and produce an image that is composed with geometric patterns and clarity that is seen throughout his collection of images over his lifetime.

Anne Hutchinson a Woman with a Voice Essay --

In the book â€Å"Anne Hutchinson Puritan Prophet† Timothy D. Hall not only writes a biography of Anne but the whole state of Christianity in the late 16th and early 17th century. The story is about woman who was not afraid to speak out and voice her views. The author gives an in-depth story of all the events that were happening and how they influenced Anne to become such an important figure in history of protestant Christianity. Anne Hutchinson was influenced by a number of people in her life. The first influence must have been her father. Her father Rev. Marbury spoke out against many ministers in the Church of England because of their lack of qualification or corruption. He was sentenced for a year in prison. Anne read many of her father’s books which shaped her into a woman that wasn’t afraid to speak out. Anne was born July 17th 1591 in Alford England. She married William Hutchinson and they had 15 children. In 1634 she and her family moved to Boston. One of the driving factors of her move to Boston was the fact that her most admired preacher John Cotton had moved to Boston. She felt it was God’s will to move to Boston as well. Upon arrival to Boston she worked as a midwife and healer. She was a member of the church where John Cotton preached. She started her own bible study group with women, which later becomes one of the reasons she would be tried in court for. Anne then gets accused of heresies in the Puritan church. She is accused Antinomianism and Familism. She then is found guilty and gets banished from Massachusetts Bay Colony. In the short seven chapters, the author paints a picture of a major dilemma that was between different religious individuals. Within the dilemma the story unfolds the influence of Anne in the... ... the Puritans and their development as a denomination. I would say that this book is written for specific audience. This book would suite someone who is interested in studying early 17th century Christian history. This book would also suite someone who wants to know the in-depth version of the biography of Anne Hutchinson. I think those specific audience would enjoy this book and could probably use it as a great resource. For someone who just wants an overall biography of Anne Hutchinson, this book would be overwhelming do to the level of detail that is involved. This biography not only tells Anne’s story, but really goes into the where she got her ideas and why she became who she was. The author explains the Puritan beliefs and the 17th century church in Boston well and puts it in understanding terms. This makes it a well-written book that you can enjoy reading.